Grow Light In Greenhouse Vegetable Succulent Plant Growing Experience
Writer：Jane Time：2021-06-09 Browse：182
The principle of greenhouse vegetable supplementary light lamp and some problems encountered in the use of supplementary light lamp on plants are summarized
Greenhouse light supplement lamp, also called grow light, is in accordance with the natural law of plant growth, according to the principle of photosynthesis of plants using sunlight, using light instead of sunlight to provide a light source needed for the growth and development of greenhouse plants.
1.Introduction to the principle of greenhouse supplementary light:
Light is closely related to the growth of crops. Capturing the maximum light energy and giving full play to the potentiality of plant photosynthesis will be directly related to the benefit of agricultural production. In recent years, due to the promotion of market demand, greenhouses are widely used to produce off-season flowers, fruits and vegetables. Due to the short sunshine time in winter and spring, the crop grows slowly and the yield is low, so it is urgent to supplement the light.
Most of northern China is located in eastern Asia and has a temperate monsoon climate. In the winter and spring seasons by the Siberian cold air southward influence, sometimes due to the intersection of warm and cold air fusion and the formation of rain and snow. The occurrence of less than 1-3 days of low temperature oligophoto, more than 7 to 8 days even overcast oligophoto according to the weather.
According to the statistics of Beijing area data in the past 50 years, the probability of such long-term weather is about 20%, 40% in the past 10 years, and twice in the past 3 years, more than 60%. That is to say, the disasters of overcast and overcast lighting in winter and spring in Beijing are becoming more and more serious, which has become a major disaster weather in winter and spring.
(1) When the light intensity was lower than its compensation point, the consumption of organic matter was more than accumulation, and the dry weight of plants decreased, or even died. Even in the weak light conditions, the growth of the plants also showed weak and barren growth.
(2) affect flowering and fruit. There are certain requirements for the illumination time and intensity of fruits such as cigars and melons. For example, when the illumination time is less than 11 hours, the young fruits of watermelon will fall off completely. Vegetables with moderate illumination intensity requirements such as peas, string beans, celery, radish, scallion, etc. Vegetables with low light intensity requirements, such as lettuce, spinach, garland chrysanthemum, ginger, etc., require low light intensity.
Even in sunny days, the light intensity of solarium vegetables produced in solar greenhouse in Beijing cannot reach the light saturation point due to the reduction of plastic canopy, but can reach above the light compensation point (this is also the reason why the taste of solarium vegetables produced in solar greenhouse is weak).
If cloudy and overcast days, the illumination is more insufficient, the illumination intensity is not enough, the illumination time is short, can not reach the compensation point. As a result, the photosynthetic efficiency drops sharply, the accumulation of dry matter decreases rapidly, and the disease increases rapidly. The loss is inevitable.
(3) According to the summary of research and production practice, we generally divide the disaster into three levels for the classification of the disaster degree.
1. Light level: no sunshine for 3 consecutive days; Or there are 3 days without sunshine in connecting shade 4 days, right now the blight such as cucumber, tomato, big pepper, frost mildew begins to appear.
2. Intermediate: no sunshine for 4-7 consecutive days; Or sunshine duration <3 h for more than 7 consecutive days; At this time, diseases such as cucumber, tomato and pepper are common, but can be controlled by measures such as drug prevention and control.
3.heavy continuous cloudy days ≥8 days; Or sunshine duration <3 h for more than 10 consecutive days; At this time, the disease is difficult to control by 10% to 20%, and most of them have reduced production and continue to develop.
Plants can absorb close shop mainly red and blue light, our plant growth of laser plant growth lamp is the use of laser synthesis of plant photosynthesis required by the spectrum technology, directly to the plant to supplement the need for light technology, all things grow by the sun, the growth of plants need is suitable for its spectrum.
Winter haze days is more, it's too late to apologize and fog PengShi illumination is insufficient, often lead to a serious shortage of vegetables nutrition, stunted growth, frequent physiological diseases, so you need to take certain measures in terms of fill light, maintain the intensity of photosynthesis, ensure the normal order of the crops need to grow, but many farmers in winter there are many pitfalls when fill light, below, Xiaobian will talk with you about winter vegetable farmers greenhouse vegetable filling errors and matters needing attention!
Do not pay attention to greenhouse film dust removal
Many vegetable farmers think that the effect of shed film dust removal is very little, little impact on the light of the shed film, so it is very rare to clean the dust on the shed film. In fact, many shed, especially close to the roadside, and the road surface is not hardened greenhouses, dust every day, long time accumulation will lead to the shed film full of dust, greatly reduce the light transmittance of the shed film, a great impact on the vegetables in the shed. Therefore, it is suggested that the best regular to shed film dust removal, even if the installation of dust removal cloth shed, also want to clean regularly, after all, dust removal cloth can not be the whole shed film clean.
Full greenhouse hanging reflective film
Reflective film in the greenhouse effect to everyone, redound to mention temperature during the day, especially when light is weak, but a lot of farmers are using reflective film like the tent when hanging reflective film, namely in entire wall hanging on, do it while you can maximize the light reflection, but affected the PengShi night temperature keep, because Bai Tianguang illuminate is less than the wall, Walls cannot absorb and store enough heat, so they cannot dissipate heat at night to maintain the temperature of the shed, which results in too low temperature at night and the growth of vegetables is affected.
Therefore, it is recommended that the width of the reflective film should be about 1-1.5 meters when hanging on the back wall, and the appropriate position should be selected according to the height of the plant.
The use of greenhouse filling light is not reasonable
Some vegetable farmers only choose incandescent lamps when supplementing light. Although this kind of lamp can improve the temperature of the shed, it can only provide red and orange light for vegetables, and lacks the blue-violet light needed for plant growth. Therefore, it is suggested that vegetable farmers choose special supplementing light to improve the supplementing effect. If it is used in the nursery, it is necessary to fill the light and increase the temperature, then it can be used together with incandescent lamp and special fill light lamp.
2. Experience in the use of succulent supplementary light lamps:
1.Light: beware of high temperature and long time exposure in summer, succulent tissue cell hypertrophy slow heat dissipation, very easy to cause sunburn leaves. In other seasons, full sunlight helps plants grow. (There are a lot of plants that need shade, such as the 12 volume of light green transparent ones should be careful of sunburn).
2.moisture: see dry see wet, watering to pour permeable. Do not insolate after watering, place in low light and cool place.
3. Croesaceae culture: many plants of Croesaceae are not afraid of the sun and like strong sunlight, so long as the highest temperature is not higher than 35℃, even if the sun exposure is not important.
4. Temperature: 15℃~28℃ is the most suitable temperature, 5℃~35℃ is the tolerance limit degree of the plant.
5. Air: Ventilation is very important. It should be strengthened at night in sultry summer.
6. Soil: the soil with good air permeability and drainage is not easy to caking. It is better to use red jade soil, deer marsh soil and other granular soil with pine scales, volcanic rocks, peat, vermiculite and other media.
Croesaceae culture: many plants of Croesaceae are not afraid of the sun and like strong sunlight, as long as the highest temperature is not higher than 35℃, even if the sun exposure is not important.
When there is no sunlight, we have to use a fill-up light. Full spectrum gold halide UVB solar lamp, with UVB and sufficient illumination. It has been proven that you can see results in five days, eight hours a day.
If you don't have time, you can only use a full spectrum PET's time, which is closest to the solar spectrum. But pay attention to the distance, this lamp UVB is very strong, long-term and too strong UV will damage the surface of the succulent, so the recommended irradiation distance of the succulent plant light lamp is 60cm-80cm, this is a safe distance, UVB and outside the morning sun UV level is similar, the light is very strong. Six to eight hours a day is perfectly adequate. The recommended distance for 35W is 60CM, and the recommended distance for 70W is 80CM. The light intensity can reach 10000.
It is a mistake to use the plant lighting LED in the greenhouse to do the fleshy light filling lamp. That kind is composed of red + blue light beads, which are effective in promoting photosynthesis of green plants. The problem is that our succulents tend to be short and chunky, not tall and slim. This is the problem of futility. Since there is no UVB in the LED lamp, the fleshy growth cannot be limited. It only reinforces the problem of futility.
I am a lamp, do not believe that an LED can have all the bands from UVB to visible light, first of all, UVB and UVA and visible light lamp beads, voltage and current are not the same, can not be supplied from a power supply, secondly, the cost of 0.01W UVB lamp beads are more than 70 yuan, the life is not more than 200 hours. It's not practical.
3. A good LED plant fill light lamp is what standard?
The LED fill-up lamp is an important part of the lamp bead, the shell radiator to the power supply materials used to determine the product's service life and quality issues such as brightness. You get what you pay for. Cheap plant-based fillers not only don't work well, they break easily. Why is that? It's cheap because it's made of poor materials, and it may even have no effect.
Why wouldn't it work? Because the function of the plant supplementary light lamp is to replace the sunlight to provide the light source needed for the growth and development of greenhouse plants, it takes time to do experiments to find the spectrum suitable for plants. Do you think the spectrum suitable for the growth of plants will be so cheap?
The components of LED light source by chip, bracket, power supply, gold wire and other materials, the price of different materials is also different. The electrical conductivity of metal materials determines the quality of products. Cheapmaterials are naturally not suitable for factory indoor plant planting and use. Because the factors that determine how well plants fill in light are simple, the right spectrum is available, but to reach that peak of light, power is the key point.
But a less conductive material needs more heat to reach that power, and as anyone who has studied physics knows, a less conductive metal has a higher resistance and a lower melting point. You can't even reach that power, you can't fill in the light, and your light is broken, and think about how cost-effective that is.
In general, the quality of the material determines the quality of the filling lamp. Why don't we at Panke make the low quality and cheap filling-light lamps to cater to the customers? Because we disdain to make, we use gold materials made of LED plant supplementary light, we dare to use a two-year warranty for our quality assurance.
